Subcutaneous injection of Vitamin K1 is the preferred parenteral route of administration because intravenous Vitamin K1 can cause anaphylaxis, and hematomas may form at intramuscular sites. Vitamin K for preoperative prophylaxis should be given at 1.1 mg/kg SQ q. In order to prevent relapse, continue therapy for 6 weeks. Taper the maintenance dose by one-half every 2 weeks during treatment. Maintain oral Vitamin K1 at 1.1 mg/kg PO q 12h for a total of 2 weeks.
Initiate parenteral Vitamin K1 as for warfarin (2.2 mg/kg SC).Īdminister Vitamin K1 at 1.1 mg/kg SC, q 12h until hematocrit value stabilizes and active bleeding subsides.
To treat toxicity from second-generation, or long-acting rodenticides (bromadiolone, brodifacoum, or diphacinone, pindone): Then substitute an oral vitamin K1 preparation (Mephyton) at the same twice-daily dosage. Warfarin is a relatively short-acting rodenticide, and treatment for a total of 1 week usually is adequate.Īdminister an initial dose of Vitamin K1 (Aquamephyton, Merck, Sharp, Dohme), 2.2 mg/kg SC.įollow with a dose of 1.1 mg/kg SC, q 12h, until active bleeding subsides.
Other vitamin K deficient states include: biliary obstruction, intrahepatic cholestasis, intestinal malabsorption and chronic oral antibiotic administration. Vitamin K reverses the anticoagulant effect of rodenticides over a period of 24 to 48 hours from initiation of therapy. It is often initiated pending test results, but maintenance of vitamin K is not indicated for patients having diagnoses of thrombocytopenia, hereditary factor deficiencies, or DIC.Īnticoagulant rodenticide toxicities are the most common cause of severe vitamin K deficiency in dogs and cats. Vitamin K therapy improves hemostasis in Vitamin K deficient patients.
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